.. _nomenclature: Nomenclature ============ Notation -------- The following abbreviations, acronyms, initialisms, and mathematical and unit symbols are used in this documentation. .. glossary:: :sorted: DOE `U.S. Department of Energy `_ SPR `U.S. Strategic Petroleum Reserve `_ Sandia `Sandia National Laboratories `_ SNL `Sandia National Laboratories `_ SMRI `Solution Mining Research Institute `_ NIST `National Institute of Standards and Technology `_ sg specific gravity M&O maintenance and operations EOT end of tubing OBI oil-brine interface TD total depth ID inner diameter, internal diameter OD outer diameter, outside diameter MD :term:`measured depth` USC :term:`U.S. Customary` (see also :cite:`NIST-HB-44`) SI International System of Units (see also :cite:`NIST-SP-330`) BPD barrels per day QA quality assurance I/O input/output wt. pct. weight percent I/F interface coeff. coefficient API (software) application programming interface API (organization) American Petroleum Institute ODE ordinary differential equation WL withdrawal leach mode OL ordinary leach mode LF leach/fill mode SF product storage fill mode ZDP :term:`zero-depth point` bbl (unit symbol) :term:`barrel`, oil barrel ft (unit symbol) :term:`foot`, international foot in (unit symbol) :term:`inch`, standard inch Mbbl (unit symbol) one **thousand** :term:`barrels` (= 10³ bbl) **NOTE:** this is a :term:`U.S. customary` prefixed symbol; this is *not* a "mega-barrel" and is not using the SI "mega-" prefix. **Do not** use this notation with SI units. MMbb (unit symbol) one **million** :term:`barrels` (= 10⁶ bbl) **NOTE:** this is a :term:`U.S. customary` prefixed symbol - **do not** use this notation with SI units. °F (unit symbol) :term:`degree Fahrenheit` lb (unit symbol) :term:`pound`, avoirdupois pound lbf (unit symbol) :term:`pound-force` psi lbf/in² (unit symbol) :term:`pound-force per square inch` GUI graphical user interface TOML (file format) `[Tom's Obvious Minimal Language] `_ YAML (file format) `YAML Ain't Markup Language `_ JSON (file format) `JavaScript Object Notation `_ CSV (file format) Comma Separated Values HDF5 (file format) `Heirarchical Data Format v5 `_ LAS (file format) `Log ASCII Standard `_ MarkDown (file format) `MarkDown `_ reStructuredText (file format) `reStructuredText `_ .. _glossary: Glossary -------- .. glossary:: :sorted: SANSMIC : Software code Sandia Solution Mining Code SALT : Software code :term:`SMRI` solution mining code customary units Sansmic uses :term:`U.S. Customary units` internally. Customary units are non-SI units still used in the U.S. and some other countries. Customary units still in use are nearly all based on the English :term:`foot` in some way. However, :term:`U.S. Customary units` *are not the same as Imperial units,* and referring to them that way is a recipe for confusion :cite:`NIST-HB-44`. Note that U.S. Customary units are also *not the same* as now-deprecated :term:`U.S. Survey units`. *See:* `NIST Handbook 44 appendices B and C `_. U.S. Customary units The International :term:`customary units` plus additional units that are U.S. specific, such as the U.S. liquid gallon. The :term:`oil barrel` is not techincally a U.S. Customary unit, although it is defined in terms of U.S. Customary units (1 barrel = 42 U.S. gallons). Note that U.S. Customary units are also *not the same* as now-deprecated :term:`U.S. Survey units`. *See:* `NIST Handbook 44 appendices B and C `_. U.S. Survey units **DEPRECATED** The old (pre-2022) U.S. Survey units are based on the foot of the late 1800s. This foot was renamed the "U.S. Survey Foot" in 1959, when the :term:`international foot` became the standard "foot" in the United States :cite:`NIST-HB-44`. In 2022, the U.S. Government deprecated the U.S. Survey Foot and its derived units :cite:`NIST-HB-44`. All survey units (acre, chain, etc.) are now defined in terms of the international foot :cite:`NIST-HB-44`. When referring to historical measurements, and using the deprecated units, the unit should be prefixed with the letter "s" (e.g., sft and sac instead of ft and ac) :cite:`NIST-HB-44`. They should no longer be used when creating new documents or new measurements. The "survey foot" and "survey mile" are now the preferred terms for the old U.S. Survey Foot and U.S. Survey Mile with unit symbols "sft" and "smi", not "usft" or "usmi" :cite:`NIST-HB-44`. *See:* `NIST Handbook 44 appendices B and C `_. barrel barrels oil barrel U.S. and petroleum industry unit of volume. The oil barrel is equal to 42 U.S. liquid gallons, which are in turn defined as exactly 231 cubic inches. Thus, the oil barrel is equal to 9702 cubic inches or 539/96 cubic feet (9702/1728 == 539/96) :cite:`NIST-HB-44`. The unit symbol is ":term:`bbl`" or "bbl oil". foot feet international foot :term:`Customary unit` of length, defined as exactly 0.3048 meters :cite:`NIST-HB-44`. The unit symbols ":term:`ft`" and "ift" are both acceptable and interchangable :cite:`NIST-HB-44`. inch inches :term:`Customary unit` of length, defined as exactly 0.0254 meters (12 in = 1 :term:`ft`) :cite:`NIST-HB-44`. Unit symbol is ":term:`in`" :cite:`NIST-HB-44`. degree Fahrenheit :term:`Customary unit` of temperature. A change of one degree Fahrenheit is exactly equal to a change of 5/9 degree Celsius. The unit symbol is ":term:`°F`" or "degF" if limited to alphanumeric characters :cite:`NIST-HB-44`. Conversion is done using the following formula. .. math:: T~/^\circ\mathrm{F} = 32 + \frac{5}{9} T~/^\circ\mathrm{C} pound pounds pound avoirdupois :term:`Customary unit` of mass. One pound avoirdupois is defined as exactly 0.45359237 kilograms :cite:`NIST-HB-44`. The unit symbol is ":term:`lb`" or "lb avdp" (to differentiate it from some other pound) :cite:`NIST-HB-44`. pound-force pounds-force :term:`Customary unit` of force, equal to one :term:`pound` accelerated at standard gravity (gₙ ≡ 9.80665 m/s²). One pound-force is exactly equal to 4.4482216152605 newtons The unit symbol is ":term:`lbf`" :cite:`NIST-HB-44`. pound-force per square inch pounds-force per square inch A :term:`customary unit` of pressure. The technical unit symbol is "lbf/in²", but the symbol ":term:`psi`" is more commonly used; "PSI" is an abbreviation appropriate for text, but should not be used as a unit symbol :cite:`NIST-HB-44`. The PSI does not have an exact decimal representation, though it can be written exactly as a fraction. 1 psi is approximately equal to 6894.757 pascal. zero-depth point The zero-depth point (:term:`ZDP`) is the point on a wellhead, rig, or other permanent datum, that is used to set .. math:: z_\mathrm{zdp} := 0.0 for :term:`measured depth` (:term:`MD`) values. This should not change over time once a well has been completed. measured depth The measured depth (:term:`MD`) is the positive-valued distance from a specific :term:`zero-depth point` (:term:`ZDP`) downhole within a well, wellbore, or cavern. It is not corrected or adjusted to another datum (e.g., sea level), and it is not corrected for well deviation or horizontal movements. U.S. Customary Units -------------------- It is assumed that any user is familiar with :term:`SI` units; however, for those that want the most up-to-date information, NIST-SP-330 provides the U.S. English-laguage version of the official SI definition. :cite:`NIST-SP-330` The following :term:`U.S. Customary units` (USC) are non-SI units that are used in SANSMIC along with the equivalent SI unit and conversion factor. See NIST-HB-44 Appendix B and C for more information on customary units and the legal and official conversion factors specified by the U.S. Government. :cite:`NIST-HB-44` .. only:: html .. dropdown:: USC to SI conversion factors +----------------+----------------------------------+ | USC unit | Definition (in SI units) | +================+==================================+ | :term:`ft` | := 0.3048 m | +----------------+----------------------------------+ | :term:`in` | := 2.54 cm | +----------------+----------------------------------+ | in² | ≡ 6.4516 cm² | +----------------+----------------------------------+ | ft³ | ≡ 0.028316846592 m³ | +----------------+----------------------------------+ | :term:`Mbbl`/d | ≡ 158.987294938 m³/d | +----------------+----------------------------------+ | :term:`lb` | := 0.45359237 kg | +----------------+----------------------------------+ | :term:`lbf` | ≡ 4.4482216152605 N | +----------------+----------------------------------+ | :term:`psi` | ≡ 1 lbf/in² | | | | | | ≡ (44482216152605 / 6451600) kPa | | | | | | ≈ 6.894757 kPa | +----------------+----------------------------------+ | :term:`sg` | = 1000 kg/m³ | +----------------+----------------------------------+ .. only:: latex +----------------+-------------------------------------------------+ | USC unit | Definition (in SI units) | +================+=================================================+ | :term:`ft` | :math:`:=\qty{0.3048}{m}` | +----------------+-------------------------------------------------+ | :term:`in` | :math:`:=\qty{2.54}{cm}` | +----------------+-------------------------------------------------+ | in² | :math:`\equiv\qty{6.4516}{cm^2}` | +----------------+-------------------------------------------------+ | ft³ | :math:`\equiv\qty{0.028316846592}{m^3}` | +----------------+-------------------------------------------------+ | :term:`Mbbl`/d | :math:`\equiv\qty{158.987294938}{m^3/d}` | +----------------+-------------------------------------------------+ | :term:`lb` | :math:`:=\qty{0.45359237}{kg}` | +----------------+-------------------------------------------------+ | :term:`lbf` | :math:`\equiv\qty{4.4482216152605}{N}` | +----------------+-------------------------------------------------+ | :term:`psi` | :math:`\equiv\qty{1}{lbf/in^2}` | | | | | | :math:`\equiv44482216152605/6451600\unit{kPa}` | | | | | | :math:`\approx\qty{6.894757}{kPa}` | +----------------+-------------------------------------------------+ | :term:`sg` | :math:`\sim\qty{1000}{kg/m^3}` | +----------------+-------------------------------------------------+